Abadia, R., Rocamora, C. and Vera. J. Energy efficiency in irrigation distribution networks II: Applications. Biosys. Eng., 2012; 111(4): 398-411.
Alamdari, P., Nematollahi, O. and Alemrajabi, A.A. Solar energy potentials in Iran: A review. Ren. Sus. Energy Rev., 2013; 21: 778-788.
Anonymous. Annual Agricultural Statistics. Ministry of Agriculture of Iran 2010, (In Persian).
Azarpour, E. Evaluation energy balance and energy indices of barley production under watered farming in north of Iran. ARPN ARPN J. Agric. Biol. Sci., 2012; 7(3): 163-168.
Bazrgar, A.B., Soltani, A. Koocheki, A. Zeinali, E. and Ghaemi, A. Environmental emissions profile of different sugar beet cropping systems in East of Iran. Afr. J. Agri. Res., 2011; 6(29): 6246-6255.
Beheshti Tabar, I., Keyhani, A. and Rafiee. S. Energy balance in Iran's agronomy (1990-2006). Renew. Sust. Energ. Rev., 2010; 14(2): 849-855.
Brush, A., Masanet, E. and Worrell, E. 2011. Energy Efficiency Improvement and Cost Saving Opportunities for the Dairy Industry. Energy Analysis Department, Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA.
Cakir, F.Y. and Stenstrom, M.K. Greenhouse gas production: A comparison between aerobic and anaerobic wastewater treatment technology. Water Res., 2005; 39 (17): 4197-4203.
Cederberg, C. and Stadig, M. System expansion and allocation in life cycle assessment of milk and beef production. Int. J. LCA., 2003; 8(6): 350-356.
Cederberg, C. and Flysjö, A. Life cycle inventory of 23 dairy farms in south-western Sweden. 2004.
Ecoinvent. Ecoinvent 2.0. Swiss center for life cycle inventories. Dubendorf. 2010.
Emadodin, I., Narita, D. and Bork, H.R. Soil degradation and agricultural sustainability: an overview from Iran. Environ. Dev. Sustain., 2012; 14(5): 611-625.
Feitz, A.J., Lundie, S. Dennien, G. Morain, M. and Jones, M. Generation of an industry-specific physico-chemical allocation matrix-application in the dairy industry and implications for systems analysis. Int. J. LCA. 2007; 12(2): 109-117.
Flysjö, A.M. Greenhouse gas emissions in milk and dairy product chains: Improving the carbon footprint of dairy products.thesis, Institut for Agroøkologi, Aarhus Universitet, Aarhus Universitet. 2012.
Foster, C., Green, K. and Bleda, M. Environmental impacts of food production and consumption: final report to the Department for Environment Food and Rural Affairs. Manchester Business School. Defra, London. 2007.
Gallego, A., Hospido, A. Moreira, M.T. and Feijoo, G. Environmental assessment of dehydrated alfalfa production in Spain. Resour. Conserv. Recy., 2011; 55(11): 1005-1012.
González-García, S., Castanheira, É.G., Dias, A.C. and Arroja, L. Using Life Cycle Assessment methodology to assess UHT milk production in Portugal. Sci. Total Environ., 2013; 442: 225-234.
Graus, W., Voogt, M. and Worrell, E. International comparison of energy efficiency of fossil power generation. Energ. Policy, 2007; 35(7): 3936-3951.
Grönroos, J., Seppälä, J., Voutilainen, P. Seuri, P. and Koikkalainen, K. Energy use in conventional and organic milk and rye bread production in Finland. Agr. Ecosyst. Environ., 2006; 117(2): 109-118.
Hartman, K. and Sims, R.E. Saving energy on the dairy farm makes good sense. Paper presented at Proceedings of the 4th Dairy3 Conference held at Hamilton New Zealand. Centre for Professional Development and Conferences, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand. 2006.
Heller, M.C. and Keoleian, G.A. Exploring a Water/Energy Trade-off in Regional Sourcing of Livestock Feed Crops. Environ. Sci. Technol., 2011; 45(24): 10619-10626.
Hospido, A., Moreira, M. and Feijoo, G. Simplified life cycle assessment of Galician milk production. Int. Dairy J., 2003; 13(10): 783-796.
IDF. common carbon footprint approach for dairy. The IDF guide to standard lifecycle assessment methodology for the dairy sector. Bull. Int. Dairy Fed., 2010a; 445.
IDF. Environmental issues at dairy farm level. B. Int. Dairy Fed., 2010b; 443.
IDF. The World Dairy Situation (WDS) 2010. B. Int. Dairy Fed., 2011; 446.
IFA. Fertilizers, Climate Change and Enhancing Agricultural Productivity Sustainably. International Fertilizer Industry Association, France, 2009.
ISO. 14040. Environmental management–Life cycle assessment–Principles and framework. 2006.
Mobtaker, H.G., Akram, A. and Keyhani, A. Energy use and Sensitivity analysis of energy inputs for alfalfa production in Iran. Energ. Sus. Dev., 2012; 16(1): 84-89.
Mohammadi, A., Rafiee, S. Jafari, A. Dalgaard, T. Knudsen, M.T. Keyhani, A. Mousavi-Avval, S.H. and Hermansen, J.E. Potential greenhouse gas emission reductions in soybean farming: A combined use of Life Cycle Assessment and Data Envelopment Analysis. Clean Prod. 2013.
Namdari, M., Kangarshahi, A.A. and Amiri, N.A. Input-output energy analysis of citrus production in Mazandaran province of Iran. Afr. J. Agr. Res., 2011; 6(11): 2558-2564.
Nguyen, T., Doreau, M. Corson, M. Eugène, M. Delaby, L. Chesneau, G. Gallard, Y. and Van der Werf, H. Effect of dairy production system, breed and co-product handling methods on environmental impacts at farm level. J. Environ. Manage., 2013; 120: 127-137.
NIOPDC. Product characteristics. http://www.niopdc.ir/HomePage.aspx? TabID=4748&Site=niopdc&Lang=fa-IR. Accessed 15 September 2013.
Pelletier, N., Audsley, E. Brodt, S. Garnett, T. Henriksson, P. Kendall, A. Kramer, K.J. Murphy, D. Nemecek, T. and Troell, M. Energy intensity of agriculture and food systems. 2011.
Pennington, J.A., VanDevender, K. and Jennings, J.A. Nutrient and fertilizer value of dairy manure. 2009; FSA4017.
Pishgar Komleh, S., Keyhani, A. Rafiee, S. and Sefeedpary, P. Energy use and economic analysis of corn silage production under three cultivated area levels in Tehran province of Iran. Energy, 2011; 36(5): 3335-3341.
Pouryousef, M., mazaheri, D. Rahimi, M.R.C. and Tavakoli, A. Effect of different soil fertilizing treatments on some of agro morphological traits and mucilage of Isabgol (Plantago ovata Forsk). Electron. J. Crop Prod., 2010; 3(2): 193-213.
Scampini, A.C. Upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactors for treatment of wastewater from the brewery industrythesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology. 2010.
SCI. Statistics Center of Iran, Strategic Planing and Supervision Organization. 2012.
Shahan, S., Jafari, A. Mobli, H. Rafiee, S. and Karimi, M. Energy use and economical analysis of wheat production in Iran: A case study from Ardabil province. J. Agri. Tech., 2008; 4(1): 77-88.
TCCIM. Import-Export statistics.
http://www.tccim.ir/ImpExpStats.aspx. Accessed. 2012.
Thomassen, M., Van Calker, K., Smits, M., Iepema, G. and De Boer, I. Life cycle assessment of conventional and organic milk production in the Netherlands. Agr. syst., 2008; 96(1): 95-107.
Tilman, D., Balzer, C. Hill, J. and Befort, B.L. Global food demand and the sustainable intensification of agriculture. P. Natl. Acad. Sci. 2011; 108(50): 20260-20264.
Tynan, M. Case study of the benefits of combined heat & power (CHP). B. Int. Dairy Fed. 2005; (401): 23-31.
Upton, J., Humphreys, J. Groot Koerkamp, P. French, P. Dillon, P. and De Boer. I. Energy demand on dairy farms in Ireland. J. Dairy Sci., 2013; 96(10): 6489-6498.
Wells, C.M. Total energy indicators of agricultural sustainability: dairy farming case study: Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry. New Zealand. 2001.
Xu, T. and Flapper, J. Energy use and implications for efficiency strategies in global fluid-milk processing industry. Energ. Policy. 2009; 37(12): 5334-5341.
Zabihian, F. and Fung, A. Fuel and GHG Emission Reduction Potentials by Fuel Switching and Technology Improvement in the Iranian Electricity Generation Sector. Int. J. Eng. (IJE). 2009; 3(2): 159.