Stock Management Implication of Caspian kutum (Rutilus frisii kutum Kamensky, 1901) in Iranian Waters of the Caspian Sea

Authors
H. Fazli 1
G. R. Daryanabard 1
S. Abdolmaleki 2
G. Bandani 3
1 Caspian Sea Ecology Research Center, Sari, Iran
2 Inland Water Aquaculture Research Center, Anzali, Iran
3 Inland Water Stocks Research Center, Gorgan, Iran
Abstract
Recently the previous Caspian ecosystem is in a catastrophic condition which caused changes in the absolute and relative abundance of the commercially important Caspian kutum (Rutilus frisii kutum) in Iranian waters. The paper presents estimates of yield-per-recruit and spawning biomass-per-recruit under various harvest strategies of Fmax, F0.1, F30%. It proposes a method for estimating acceptable biological catch (ABC) that accounts for large differences in the quality and quantity of information and available data. The current average Y/R (with F=0.61/y, and tc=3.2 y) was 218.3 g per recruit, which indicates that the fishery is operating below the maximum Y/R at 236.9 g when tc = 3.5 y. The Y/R was the highest at Fmax and F0.1, when tc = 4 y (244.8 g and 214.2 g), respectively. The F30% value was 0.85/y at tc of 4 y with the SB/R of 338.3 g. The Fcurrent (0.61/y at current tc is 3.2 y) is higher than the corresponding reference points, F0.1 (0.47/y) and F30% (0.46/y). The ABC of kutum was estimated at 7,850 mt in 2009-2010.
Keywords
Acceptable biological catch
Reference point
Rutilus frisii kutum
Spawning biomass per recruit
Yield per recruit
Adeli Mosabbab, Y. and Piri, K. Monitoring of release fries of juvenile Vobla (Rutilus rutilus) at the Iranian coast of the Caspian Sea with the purpose of restoring of its stocks. XIII International Conference on Fisheries Oceanology, Svetlogorsk, Kanliningrad Region. 2005; 12-17.
Afraei Bandpei, M.A., Abdolmaleki, S., Kymaram, F., Gasemi, S., Parafkande, F., Janbaz, A., Molaei, H., Kor, D., Daryanabard, R., Taleshian, H. and Larijani, M. Age, growth, feeding regime, and reproduction of kutum (Rutilus frisiikutum) in the southern of the Caspian Sea in survey, 2006-2007; Final report. IFRO. 2009; 97P. (In Persian).
Anon.To redefine acceptable biological catch and overfishing. Environmental Assessment/Regulatory Impact Review for Amendment 44 to the Fishery Management Plan. Prepared by staff, NMFS/AFSC, 1998; 23P.
Berg, L.S. Freshwater Fishes of USSR and Adjacent Countries. Vol. II. 4th edit. 496 p. Jerusalem: Israeli Program for Scientific Translation. 1964; 496P.
Beverton, R.J.H. and Holt, S.J. A review of methods for estimating mortality rates in fish population, with special reference to sources of bias in catch sampling. Rapport Proces-Verbaux Re:union: de Conseil Permanent International pour Exploration de la Mer, 1956; 140: 67-83.
Chen, Y.A comparison study of age- and length-structuredyield-per-recruit models. Aquat. Living Resour., 1997; 10: 271-280.
Deriso, R.B. Optimal F0.1 criteria and their relationship to maximum sustainable yield.Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci., 1987; 44: 339-348.
Ellertsen, B., Fossum, P., Solemdal, P. and Sundby, S. Relation between temperature and survival of eggs and first feeding larvae of Northeast Arctic cod (Gadus morhua). Rapport Proces-Verbaux Re:union: de Conseil Permanent International pour Exploration de la Mer 191, 1989; 209-219.
Fazli, H., Daryanabard, G., Abdolmaleki, S., Bandani, G.Stock assessment of bony fishes in Iranian waters of the Caspian Sea (2007-2010), Final report. IFRO. 2011; 97P. (In Persian).
Fazli, H., Ghaninejad, D., Janbaz, A.A. and Daryanabard, R. Population ecology parameters and biomass of golden grey mullet (Liza aurata) in Iranian waters of the Caspian Sea. Fish. Res., 2008; 93: 222-228.
Fazli, H., Zhang, C.I., Hay, D.E. and Lee, C.W. Fishery biological characteristics and changes the annual biomass of bigeyekilka (Clupeonellacultriventris) in the Caspian Sea. Asian Fish. Sci., 2009; 22: 923-940.
Fazli, H., Zhang, C.I., Hay, D.E., Lee, C.W., Janbaz, A.A. and Borani, M.S. Population ecological parameters and biomass of anchovy kilka (Clupeonella engrauliformis) in the Caspian Sea. Fish. Sci., 2007; 73(2): 285-294.
Griffiths, M. H. The application of per-recruit models to Argyrosomus indorus, an important South African sciaenid fish. Fish. Res., 1997; 30: 103-115.
Gulland, J. A. and Boerema, L.K. Scientific advice on catch levels. Fish. Bull., 1973; 71: 325-335.
Hermann, F. Temperature variation in the West Greenland area since 1950.Red Book of International North West Atlantic Fisheries IV, 1967; 70-85.
Hildén, M. Reference points for fisheries management: the ICES experience. Can. Spec. Publ. Fish. Aquat. Sci., 1993; 120: 59-66.
Ivanov, P.I. Biological resources of the Caspian Sea. Kasp NIRKH, Astrakhan. 2000; 96P.
Ivanov, P.I., Kamakim, A.M., Ushivtzev, V.B., Shiganova, T.A., Zhukova, O., Aladin, N., Wilson, S.L., Harbinson, G.R. and Dumont, H.J. Invasion of Caspian Sea by the come jellyfish Mnemiopsis leidyi (Ctenophora). Biol. Invasion. 2000; 2: 255-258.
Kirchner, C. H. Fisheries regulations based on yield-per-recruit analyses for the linefish silvr kob Argyrosomus indorus in Namibian waters. Fish. Res., 2001;52: 155-167.
Leaman, B.M. Reference points for fisheries management the western Canadian experience. Can. Publ. Fish. Aquat. Sci., 1993; 120: 15-30.
Mace, P.M. Relationships between common biological reference points used as thresholds and target of fisheries management strategies. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci., 1994; 51: 110-122.
Roohi, A., Kideys, A.E., Sajjadi A., Hashemian, A., Pourgholam, R., Fazli, H.,Ganjian Khanari A. and Eker-Develi, E. Changes in biodiversity of phytoplankton, zooplankton, fishes and macrobenthos in the Southern Caspian Sea after the invasion of the ctenophore Mnemiopsis Leidyi. Biol. Invasions, 2010; 12:2343-2361.
Salmanov, M.A. Ecology and biological reproduction of the Caspian Sea. Edited by U. I. Sorokin. Baku. 1999; 397P.
Tang, Q. Modification of the Ricker stock recruitment model to account for environmentally induced variation in recruitment with particular reference to the blue crab fishery in Chesapeake Bay. Fish. Res., 1985; 3: 13-21.
Thompson, G.G. A proposal for a threshold stock size and maximum fishing mortality rate. Can. Spec. Publ. Fish. Aquat. Sci., 1993; 120: 303-320.
Valipour., A. and Khanipour, A. Kutum, Jewel of the Caspian Sea. Caspian Environment Program. www.caspianenvironment.org. 2006.
Vossoughi, G. and Mostajeer, B. Freshwater Fishes. Tehran University Press, 1994; 227-229. (In Persian).
Yousefian, M. and Mosavi, H. Spawning of south Caspian kutum (Rutilus frisiikutum) in most migratory river of south Caspian Sea. Asian J. Anim. Vet. Adv., 2008; 3(6): 437-442.  
Zhang, C.I. and Lee, J.B. Stock assessment and management implications of horse mackerel (Trachurus japonicus) in Korean waters, based on the relationships between recruitment and the ocean environment. Progress in Oceanography, 2001; 49: 513-537.
Zhang, C.I. and Sullivan, P.J. Biomass-based cohort analysis that incorporates growth. Transactions of American Fisheries Society, 1988; 117: 180-189.