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Objective: Helicobacter pylori is a spiral, microaerophilic gram negative bacterium, that multiplies and causes infection in human gastric mucosal layer. H.pylori infection, followed by destruction of gastric epithelial tissue, leads to gastric chronic inflammation, which can cause gastric and peptic ulcers. New approaches have focused on using specific treatments, such as immunotherapy, to eradicate this infection. Urease, as one of the most important virulent and antigenic factors of the bacterium, is a suitable target for this purpose. This study is aimed at production of specific IgY against urease UreC subunit. Materials and Methods: In this study, initially for preparing recombinant UreC, after purification of the genomic DNA, ureC gene was amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The PCR product was ligated to pET28a. The recombinant protein was expressed followed by transformation of recombinant construct into E. coli BL21DE3. SDS-PAGE analysis was carried out and the recombinant protein was purified by Ni-NTA affinity chromatography. The purified recombinant protein was injected to hens. IgY recovered from egg yolk, was purified by PEG precipitation at >70% purity. The purified IgY was analyzed by ELISA and SDS-PAGE. Results: SDS-PAGE analysis revealed a good expression and >70% purification of the recombinant protein. ELISA observation demonstrated high immunogenicity of the recombinant protein. Conclusion: With a view to higher potential of IgY-HpUc in recognition of UreC subunit, the results are in favour of the oral administration of the IgY obtained from hens immunized by H.pylori may provide a novel approach to the management of H.pylori infections.

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Aims: Procuring enough raw materials is a crucial decision faced by industries’ logistics managers to sustain production lines and improve the competitiveness of an industry within the global market. The current study, therefore, developed a linear-based inventory model with transportation planning to analyze the current procurement network, which is outsourced from different pathways, and propose possible logistic scenarios to improve inbound logistics decisions involving inventory levels and the effort of transporting the logs to the manufacturing destination. In addition, the flow of multiple various raw materials from terminals, private farms and illegal sources was considered. 
Materials & Methods: Since 2017 a large number of forest companies in northern Iran have been in crisis due to insufficient wood supply to retain their production line demands as a result of the logging ban policy over commercial forests. Therefore, they have to purchase logs or trees from far-distant terminals, between 100 and 150 km, and low-quality timbers, either from private farms or illegal sources. This situation has negatively hampered planning of transportation activities and unit delivery costs of raw materials. The model was applied to a realistic region-wide forest covering 23,000 km² with 172 forest companies that stretch across 20 cities in northern Iran. We assessed sensitivity of the model inputs, such as changing inbound logistics through reducing, increasing or removing illegally sourced timbers from the current supply-chain network. 
 

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Fisher-Seater's approach is applied to the Iran's economic data 2008 to test the long-Run neutrality and super neutrality of money during 1988-2008. Our results support the neutrality of M2 w real GDP and real agricultural output. For nominal agricultural output neutrality of M2 is strongly rejected. The result of neutrality for the nominal GDP varies depending on the unit root test. The results also showed that the super neutrality of M2 with respect to real GDP is confirmed.

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To evaluate genotype × environment interaction (GEI) of grapevine, 20 genotypes of grapevines with Russian origin were evaluated at one location in Urmia and four locations in Takestan (two locations under full irrigation and two locations under drought stress). This research was performed in a randomized complete block design with three replications and three vines in each plot, in 2012-2013 season. Data on fruit yield (kg/vine) of the grapevine genotypes grown at different test locations were recorded and subjected to stability analysis by nonparametric methods. Result of the combined ANOVA revealed that variances due to genotypes, environments, and genotype-environment interactions were highly significant. Significant genotypic variance indicated genetic diversity among genotypes yield. The highest S_i⁽¹⁾ and S_i⁽²⁾ mean absolute rank was observed for genotypes Ramfi TCXA, Apozoski Ramfi, X45 and Anapiski Ramfli, indicating the high instability of these genotypes. Among the individual Z values, it was found that genotypes Ramfi TCXA, Uzbakestan Moscat, Bli Ramfi, Apozoski Ramfi and Anapiski Ramfli were significantly stable relative to the others, of which the Z_i⁽¹⁾ and Z_i⁽²⁾ values were greater than the table χ²_{(0.05, 1)}(3.84). The genotypes Skieve and Gezgiski Ramfi ranked the first and second, respectively, according to S_i⁽³⁾, while, according to S_i⁽⁶⁾, genotypes Skieve and Uzbakestan Moscat ranked the first and second, respectively. Genotypes Uzbakestan Moscat, Bli Ramfi and Kishmish Ramfi Azos, respectively, had the highest stability and lowest changes in different environments and were recommendable as stable genotypes in different areas. But, it should be noted that yield of these genotypes was moderate. Genotype Muscat had a high yield and moderate stability. As a result, these genotypes (Uzbakestan Moscat, Bli Ramfi, Skieve, Muscat and Kishmish Ramfi Azos) indicated greater resistance to environmental fluctuation and, therefore, increasing specificity of adaptability to low yielding environments.